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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Livonian campaign against Rus' ： ウィキペディア英語版 Livonian campaign against Rus' The Livonian campaign against Rus' was a military campaign that lasted from 1240 to 1242, and was carried out by the Teutonic Knights of the Livonian Order with the aim to conquer the lands of Pskov and Novgorod and convert them to the Roman Catholic Church. == Origins of the conflict == The conflict between Novgorod and the Teutonic Knights began in 1210, when the knights attacked the Estonians. The Novgorod had organized failed campaigns against the Livonia's in 1217, 1219, 1222, and 1223. In 1224, the knights captured Dorpat (now Tartu). Soon after the capture of Dorpat, an internal conflict arose in Novgorod. The townspeople, fearing that Novgorod frightened them, the Novgorodians refused to help in the fight against the knights. Soon a split occurred among the Novgorod nobles. Expelled from the city, the nobles and the Knights captured Izborsk in 1233, but soon were expelled from the city by the Pskov army. A year later Yaroslav Vsevolodovich of Novgorod returned to the Livonian lands, and devastated the town outskirts Odenpa, triumphing in the battle of Emajõe and forcing the Livonians to sign a peace agreement. In 1236, Lithuania had lost a Great master of the Order of the Sword Volquin von Winterstein, and Pope Gregory IX gave his consent to the Union of the Order of the Sword with the Teutonic Knights. The master of the Order was Hermann von Balk. In December 1237, Pope Gregory IX proclaimed the second crusade to Finland, and in June 1238 Danish king Waldemar II and the joint master of the order agreed to divide Estonia and military operations against Russia in the Baltic region with participation of the Swedes. The Russian lands were weakened by the Mongol invasion. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Livonian campaign against Rus'」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.